The characteristics and functions of rubber seal rings for electric hydraulic pumps

I. Overview

In modern industrial equipment, electric hydraulic pumps are one of the key components for achieving mechanical movement and energy conversion. In these pump equipment, rubber seals play an important role in ensuring efficient operation of the system, extending equipment life, and ensuring safe use. By deeply understanding and correctly using rubber seals, the performance and reliability of electric hydraulic pumps can be significantly improved. This article aims to discuss in detail the use characteristics and key roles of rubber seals in electric hydraulic pumps.

II. Use characteristics

1. Material selection and diversity

(1) Fluororubber (FKM)

Features: Fluororubber is a high-performance synthetic rubber with excellent high temperature resistance, oil resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance. It can maintain good elasticity and sealing effect in extreme temperatures and chemical environments.

Application: Widely used in electric hydraulic pumps that need to withstand harsh environments, such as high-temperature steam systems, petrochemical equipment, etc.

(2) Nitrile rubber (NBR)

Features: Nitrile rubber has excellent oil resistance, wear resistance, and mechanical strength, as well as high heat resistance. It is suitable for a variety of oil-based hydraulic media.

Application: Mainly used in general industrial hydraulic systems, especially in occasions where there is frequent contact with oil media.

(3) Silicone rubber (VMQ)

Features: Silicone rubber is known for its excellent high and low temperature resistance and can maintain its performance stable in the temperature range of -60°C to +200°C. In addition, it has good electrical insulation and is non-toxic.

Application: Suitable for hydraulic systems that need to work under extreme temperature conditions, such as food processing equipment, medical equipment, etc.

2. Shape and design

(1) O-ring

Features: O-ring is one of the most widely used sealing elements and is praised for its simple design and effective sealing performance. It can prevent the leakage of liquids and gases and adapt to a variety of sealing needs.

Structure and function: O-rings are usually circular in cross-section and are easy to install and replace. They achieve sealing by deforming the sealing pressure and are suitable for static and dynamic sealing.

(2) V-ring

Features: V-ring has good initial sealing performance and low friction resistance and can withstand large compression and tension. It is suitable for high pressure and occasions requiring good sealing performance.

Structure and function: The cross-section of the V-shaped seal ring is V-shaped. It forms a good sealing effect by closely fitting with the shaft or hole. It is suitable for sealing in rotation and reciprocating motion.

3. Compression and adaptability performance

(1) Compression performance

Features: When the rubber seal ring is subjected to the pressure of the hydraulic system, it can be moderately compressed and maintain good elastic deformation ability to ensure the durability of the sealing effect. The quality of the compression performance directly affects the durability and effect of the seal ring.

Design requirements: Appropriate pre-compression and good resilience design are the key to ensure that the seal ring can still perform the best sealing effect under high dynamic conditions.

(2) Adaptability performance

Features: The rubber seal ring should have a certain degree of adaptability and be able to maintain its performance under different temperature, pressure and medium changes. This adaptability enables the seal ring to work normally under various working conditions and reduce failures and leakage.

Performance requirements: Excellent hardness and wear resistance, as well as low compression permanent deformation rate are important factors to ensure the adaptability of the rubber seal ring.

4. Temperature and environmental adaptability

(1) Temperature adaptability

Features: Rubber seals must be able to adapt to the wide temperature range that the hydraulic system may encounter. In high temperature environments, seals should not be easy to age, harden or crack; in low temperature environments, they must maintain good elasticity.

Countermeasures: Rationally select rubber materials with excellent temperature resistance, such as fluororubber and silicone rubber, and use appropriate sealing designs to ensure that the seals can work normally under various temperature conditions.

(2) Environmental adaptability

Features: In addition to temperature adaptability, seals must also cope with various environmental factors, such as moisture, dust, and chemical media. They must still maintain good sealing performance in harsh environments.

Measures: Through surface treatment and material optimization, the seal's ability to resist environmental erosion is enhanced to ensure its long-term stable performance under complex working conditions.

III. Function

1. Preventing liquid leakage

(1) Sealing function

Function: When the electric hydraulic pump is working, the hydraulic oil circulates under high pressure. The seal of the hydraulic system is responsible for forming an effective sealing barrier between the piston, cylinder, joint and other components to prevent hydraulic oil leakage. Effective sealing can ensure the stability of the internal pressure of the system and improve work efficiency.

Importance: Preventing liquid leakage can not only improve the work efficiency of the system, but also avoid energy waste, reduce maintenance costs and reduce environmental pollution.

2. Improve work efficiency

(1) System optimization

Principle: High-quality seals can minimize liquid leakage and maintain the internal pressure balance of the system, thereby optimizing liquid flow and energy transfer and improving the overall work efficiency of the electric hydraulic pump.

Performance: By reducing the loss of internal energy in the system and optimizing the flow of hydraulic oil, the work efficiency of the equipment is improved and energy consumption is reduced.

(2) Dynamic sealing

Performance: In dynamic sealing, the seal can effectively resist wear particles and impurities in the hydraulic oil, reduce damage to the equipment, and improve the stability and efficiency of the system.

3. Reduce noise and vibration

(1) Reduce friction

Principle: In the electric hydraulic pump, the seal can significantly reduce the friction between moving parts, which is an important measure to reduce working noise and equipment vibration. Good sealing performance ensures smooth movement between parts and reduces unnecessary mechanical friction noise.

Effect: With the help of excellent sealing ring design, the noise and vibration of the equipment during operation can be effectively reduced, and the safety and comfort of the overall operating environment can be improved.

(2) Noise reduction design

Measures: The use of rubber materials with low friction coefficients and well-designed sealing ring structures can not only improve the sealing effect, but also play a significant role in noise reduction while ensuring sealing.

4. Extending the life of equipment

(1) Anti-leakage and oil leakage

Function: Effective sealing rings can prevent hydraulic oil leakage, thereby reducing the mechanical wear and failure of equipment caused by oil leakage. Long-term stable sealing can significantly extend the service life of equipment.

Maintenance: Regular inspection and replacement of worn sealing rings and timely repair of minor leakage problems are key measures to extend the service life of electric hydraulic pumps.

(2) Reduce wear

Function: The sealing ring effectively extends the service life of other key components in the hydraulic system (such as pistons, cylinders, etc.) by reducing friction and wear between moving parts.

Effect: Selecting rubber materials with strong wear resistance and combining them with appropriate sealing design can greatly reduce the mechanical wear of equipment and extend the overall system life.

5. Ensure safety

(1) Safety in high-pressure environments

Challenges: Electric hydraulic pumps often work in high-pressure environments. Once the seal fails, it may cause high-pressure liquid leakage, resulting in equipment damage, personal injury and other major safety accidents.

Measures: High-quality rubber seals can maintain effective sealing in high-pressure environments, prevent liquid leakage, and ensure the safety of operators and equipment.

(2) Prevent accidents

Function: Through effective sealing, the potential hazards caused by abnormal high pressure and liquid injection are avoided, and the safety of operation and the reliability of equipment are improved.

Prevention: Selecting reliable sealing materials and designs, and performing regular maintenance and inspection are important means to prevent abnormal problems in equipment operation.

IV. Summary

Rubber seals play a vital role in electric hydraulic pumps. Through their excellent material properties, precise design and diverse applications, they not only ensure the efficient operation of the hydraulic system, but also greatly extend the service life of the equipment and improve the overall operating safety. Selecting appropriate rubber materials and designs, and performing regular maintenance and replacement are necessary conditions to ensure the long-term and stable operation of electric hydraulic pumps. With the continuous advancement of technology, rubber seals in the future will be more durable and environmentally friendly, providing strong guarantees for the efficient and safe operation of hydraulic systems. Therefore, in-depth understanding and correct use of rubber sealing rings are of great significance to improving the overall performance of electric hydraulic pumps.

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